Need native performance: Use PCI passthrough of additional GPUs in the system. While not as fast as the next two options, the major benefit is that it can be used without additional hardware and without a proper input-output memory management unit (IOMMU) set up for device passthrough. This will use virgil3d on the host, and guest drivers are needed (which are common in Linux since Kernels >= 4.4 but can be hard to come by for other cases). Need 3D acceleration: Use -vga virtio with a local display having a GL context -display gtk,gl=on. Those cases usually differ in their ease-of-use and capability, such as: You can read more about these in the libvirt section.Īll these options are considered basic usage of graphics, but there are also advanced options for more specific use-cases. If you run with spice or vnc you can use native vnc tools or virtualisation-focused tools like virt-viewer. If you want no graphical output at all, you can save some memory and CPU cycles by setting -nographic. This can be faster and provides more authentication methods than vnc. In addition, one can enable the -spice back end (which can be done in addition to vnc). This is what the host uses to actually display the graphical content, which can be an application window via gtk or a vnc. The guest needs a driver for whichever option is selected – this is the most common reason to not use the default (e.g., on very old Windows versions).īackend: Controlled via the -display argument. The default these days is qxl which strikes a good balance between guest compatibility and performance. Usually one of cirrus, std, qxl, or virtio. Graphics for QEMU/KVM always comes in two pieces: a front end and a back end.įrontend: Controlled via the -vga argument, which is provided to the guest. So take a look at the QEMU manpage, qemu-img and the QEMU documentation and see which options best suit your needs. But in general, it comes down to: qemu-system-x86_64 options image They can also be made more consumable for specific use-cases and needs through a vast selection of auxiliary tools - for example virt-manager for UI-driven use through libvirt. These tools can do much more, as you’ll discover in their respective (long) manpages. We can now allocate the space for the VM: qemu-img create -f qcow2 disk.qcow 5GĪnd then we can use the disk space we have just allocated for storage by adding the argument: -drive file=disk.qcow,format=qcow2. sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -cdrom ĭownloading the ISO provides for faster access at runtime. This example is just for illustration purposes - it is not generally recommended without verifying the checksums Multipass and UVTool are much better ways to get actual guests easily. You can achieve this by running the following command: While there are more user-friendly and comfortable ways, the quickest way to get started with QEMU is by directly running it from the netboot ISO. libvirt provides an abstraction from specific versions and hypervisors and encapsulates some workarounds and best practices. In that case it uses the hardware virtualisation technology to virtualise guests.Īlthough QEMU has a command line interface and a monitor to interact with running guests, they are typically only used for development purposes. However, it is more often used as a virtualiser in collaboration with KVM kernel components. QEMU is a machine emulator that can run operating systems and programs for one machine on a different machine.
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